beytill <-s> m horse-prick, horse penis; horse or male sexual member; Equisetum hyemale, rough horsetail, a common fescue grass in Iceland, also called in English scouring rush and scouring rush horsetail, resembles a horse penis; gibeytill appears in Landnmabk. Old Norse is a catch-all term for Old Icelandic, Old Norwegian, Old Swedish, Old Danish, and Old Gotlandic, though it is often used as a synonym for Old Icelandic because the majority of documents come from this region.
Old Norse For Modern Times (Vikingverse) - amazon.com When a past tense dental is added to a verb whose stem already ends in a dental (leia, setja and senda), the two dentals often undergo change. Faliscan, Messapic, Picene, Iberian, Celtiberian, Gothic, Runic, Younger Futhark was a Runic script used to write Old Norse, and was the main alphabet in Norway, Sweden and Denmark throughout the Viking Age, but was largely, though not completely, replaced by the Latin alphabet by about 1200 as a result of the conversion of most of Scandinavia to Christianity. Some entries are labeled defective, meaning they lack a full set of forms in the extant sources. Let's find out! You can switch to the Unicode Hex Input keyboard and use these Option numeric codes.
old norse keyboard Old Norse: The Language Of Ancient Scandinavia - Babbel Magazine Along with Medieval and Anglo-Saxon runes! The symbol marks the 246 most common words in the sagas. Where Thor drives there is storm. Older versions might use ALT+SHIFT.
Nordic Runes - Norse Alphabet Meaning [Origins & Learn] 1. The term Old Norse embraces Old Norwegian as well as Old Icelandic Grammatically, the Old Norse language remained remarkably stable for 200 years. For the more unusual Old Norse manusciript characters (not all of which are listed here), you may need a specialized font such as the ones listed below.
Viking Language 1 and 2 are the authoritative guides to learning Old Norse, opening a world of sagas, Eddas, and runes. Old Norse Fonts For the more unusual Old Norse manusciript characters (not all of which are listed here), you may need a specialized font such as the ones listed below. Nice! It was the language of the Vikings or Norsemen. For other uses, see, "" redirects here. We are proud to release the first Brazilian NORD LIVE session ever featuring some of the most renowned keyboard players in the country! Once you download and install Big Old Keyboard, you'll have to select it as your default. http://www.utexas.edu/cola/centers/lrc/eieol/norol-0-X.html Thor often goes to Gianthome and slays many giants there with the hammer. Most Old Norse literature was written in Iceland and includes the Eddas, poems about gods and mythic origins, or the heroes of an earlier age; Scaldic poetry, which was concerned with extolling the virtues and telling tales of the notable exploits of kings and other patrons; and the Sagas, stories of historical figures or groups intended as entertainment. (Sorry Mac/Linux users, we might manage to make one of these for you someday, but at the moment this is all we've got.) 10. The system was designed for Ullarsons own New Futhork (hence the arrangements) but it can easily be used to type a number of different rune sets. The Hvaml (Sayings of the High One) is part of the Poetic Edda, a series of poems from Old Norse that survive in a manuscript from the 13th century. It can also be used as a noun, which means "death"a bit closer to the modern English meaning of the word. Note: Additional Old Norse characters must be inserted with the Character Map utility. google_ad_client = "pub-9241470791040687"; At the end of words as well as within words when it's followed by a voiceless consonant, is devoiced to []. This was especially useful in Viking-inhabited northern England, where both flatr and rogg (rugged) terrain are often shrouded in fok, and oppressed by gustr of wind and lagr (low) sk (clouds). These fonts also usually contain long vowels ,,,,.These fonts include: Many fonts also contain the Old Norse (o-ogonek) character. 5. Under King Alfred the Great, grew greatly in popularity and started to overtake . completely overtook by Middle English, and died out by Early Modern English, mostly due to the rise of the printing press,[4] and was replaced by the digraph th. Elov m Swedish (Rare) Variant of Elof.
Rune Keyboard | Heathen Designs old norse keyboard. While Old Norse was the language that connected the people of Scandinavia during the Viking Age, the international nature of the Nordic countries at that time would have required polyglots they didn't always raid first and ask questions later. Eth (//, uppercase: , lowercase: ; also spelled edh or e), known as t in Old English,[1] is a letter used in Old English, Middle English, Icelandic, Faroese (in which it is called edd), Khmer and Elfdalian. For the cryptocurrency, see, IPA Brackets and transcription delimiters, IPA Brackets and transcription delimiters, "Chapter 25: Typography and the printed English text", "L2/04-132 Proposal to add additional phonetic characters to the UCS", "L2/02-141: Uralic Phonetic Alphabet characters for the UCS", List of typographical symbols and punctuation marks, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Eth&oldid=1136830250, Articles containing Old English (ca. When looking up a compound word, go to the initial element of the compound. Using the compose key ("multi key") which is popular on Linux, eth can be typed by typing Compose D H for lowercase or Compose Shift+D Shift+H for capital letters. In Stock; Keyboards; . Old Norse is the medieval language of Iceland and Norway and a descendant of the language spoken by the Vikings. This should be indistinguishable in display but may behave differently in text editors or when processing. google_ad_height = 90; Old Norse and Norwegian are related languages: Old Norse is the ancestral language from which Norwegian is derived. Norwegian, Dismiss, Old Norse Vocabulary: The 246 Most Common Words, Viking Age Iceland: A Story of Contradictions, Viking Language 1: Audio Lessons 1-8 (Pronounce Old Norse, Runes and Icelandic Sagas), Viking Language 1: Audio Lessons 9-15 (Pronounce Old Norse, Runes and Icelandic Sagas).
I found a new favorite keyboard app for runic : r/runes Yola, In such instances, the Vocabulary indicates the outcome, hence leia <-ddi, -ddr>, setja <-tti, -ttr>, and senda <-di, -dr> (that is, past tense leiddi he led, setti he set, sendi he sent). Been a fan of water other than regular old water or Silicon Valley Using the Norse Dictionary The alphabetical order is: a, , b, d, , e, , f, g, h, i, , j, k, l, m, n, o, , p, r, s, t, u, , v, y, , x, z, , , , / . There are no extra functions that can confuse you. Old English, http://dataonp.hum.ku.dk/, A guide to Old Norse names This dictionary, in both Old Norse to English and English to Old Norse versions, is derived from the sources listed at bottom.
Language of the Vikings - Daily Scandinavian For general information about developing non-English Web sites, see the. Use these codes to input accented letters in HTML. Many modern texts use American style quotes, but if you wish to include European style quote marks, here are the codes. Transylvanian Saxon,
Norse Mythology - World History Encyclopedia Keyboard contains symbols of Elder Futhark Younger Futhark
ONP However, two runes remained . has also been used by some in written Welsh to represent //, which is normally represented as dd.[5]. 450-1100)-language text, Articles containing Icelandic-language text, Articles containing Nynorsk-language text, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, A capital eth is used as the currency symbol for, This page was last edited on 1 February 2023, at 10:44. $65 (0) Sold out. These languages are grouped together aside from the other Mainland Scandinavian languages of Danish, Swedish, Norwegian and the non-Germanic language Finnish because their writing systems maintain special characters, particularly thorn () and eth (). The following should mostly work on the default Input Source (only thorn doesnt work on US keyboards). For example, fara
vb (VI) to go, travel. He has a good hammer. Faer uor som ast i himlm, halga ware it nama. This course is an introduction to the religion of the Vikings as it is recorded in Old Norse and Scandinavian literature from the medieval period. For instance, if you want The Poetic Edda: Stories of the Norse Gods and Heroes (Paperback) by. Many think that the old Nordic religion - the belief in the Norse gods - disappeared with the introduction of Christianity. Old Norse language, alphabet and pronunciation - Omniglot https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Old_Norse old norse keyboard harrr adj hard in council; ruthless; tyrannical, harskeytr adj hard shooting, of an archer, hausta <-a> vb (1) to draw near to autumn, Hkon <-ar> m Hakon (personal name); Hkon jarl Grjtgarsson m Earl Hakon, son of Grjotgard, Stone-Fence; Hkon Hlaajarl Hakon, Earl of Lade, Hlfdanr <-ar> m Halfdan (personal name); Hlfdanr svarti Halfdan the Black, 9th century Norwegian king and father of Harald Shaggyhair/Fairhair, hr adj high, tall, long; loud, HrmHigh, one of the three interrogators of King Gylfi, hsti n high-seat, throne, seat of honor, htt adv loudly; hafa htt make an outcry, hean (also han) adv from here, hence; hean af from now on, henceforth, Heinn (also Hinn) m Hedin (personal name); Hinn Hjarrandason m Hedin Hjarrandis son, hefja vb (VI)to lift up, raise, heave; hence to begin, esp hefja upp + acc [hefja upp kvi to begin to recite a poem]; to hold, open an event [hefja blt hold sacrifices, begin the season of sacrifices], hefna <-di, -dr> vb (2) [w gen] to avenge, take revenge, Heiarbr (also Heia(r)br)mHedeby (place name) trade center in Denmark, heiinn adj heathen, pagan, heir f heath, moor, Heirn m Heidrun, goat that gives mead in Valhll, heilagr adj holy; protected, heill adj hale, sound, healthy, unscathed; healed; blessed, happy; whole, complete, heim adv home, homeward (motion toward), Heimdallr <-s> m watchman god, who guards the rainbow-bridge; one of the sir, Heimskringla f Orb of the World, work by Snorri Sturluson, heimta <-ti, -tr> vb (2) to recover; claim, heita vb (VII) to call, give a name to; call, call on; (intrans w pres heitir) be called, be named; [w dat] promise, hel f Hel, realm of the dead, separate from Valhalla, and ruled over by a goddess of the same name; death; ljsta hel to strike into hel, heldr comp adv rather; [after neg] on the contrary; heldr vi aldr rather old, on in years, Helgadalr <-s> m Helgadal (place name) Helgis Valley, hella f flat stone, slate, hellusteinn m flat slab of rock, flagstone, helmingr m half; helminga in halves; equally, helzt superl adv most rather, most of all, henda vb (2) to catch, pick up, reach; henda [e-t] augum catch [sth]; henda mikit gaman at [e-u] take great interest in [sth], Hengjankjapta f Hengjankjapta, giantess killed by Thor, heppinn adj lucky, fortunate; Leifr inn heppni Leif the Lucky, hepta <-ti, -tr> vb (2) to bind, fetter; hold back, restrain, hera (also hra) n district, country, herar f pl shoulders, upper part of back, herja <-a-> vb (1) to raid, harry; make war, Herjlfsfjrr m Herjolfsfjord (place name), Herjlfs Fjord, Herjlfsnes n Herjolfsnes (place name), Herjolfs Headland, Herjlfssonar m gen of the son of Herjolf, Herlu-Bjarni Arnfinnsson m Herlu-Bjarni, son of Arnfinn (personal name), hersir <-is, -ar> m regional military leader in Norway; chieftain; hersins m sing gen of the leader, heygja <-i, -r> vb (2) to bury in a mound, Himinbjrg n pl Himinbjorg, place where Bifrst enters sgarr, himinn m sky; heaven, hingat (also hegat) adv to here, hither; hingat til hitherto, up to this time, until now, hinn dem pron the other one; hinn ftinn on the other foot, hirf kings or earls bodyguard; the kings men, retainers, hira <-ri, -rr> vb (2) to mind, care for, hide, conceal; keep in a box or chest, hirmar (pl hirmenn) m kings man, retainer, hitta <-tti, -ttr> vb (2) to meet with, hit upon; hit; hittask mid meet one another, HjararholtnHjardarholt, Herds Hill (place name), hj prep [w dat] by, near, beside; with, at ones place; in comparison with, hjlpa vb (III) [w dat] to help, save, hjrtr m hart, stag, hlaupa vb (VII) to leap, spring; run; hlaupa at [e-m] leap at, assault [sb], Hleiargarr m Hleiargard, the court of Hrolf kraki, Hleira (Hleir) m modern Lejre in Denmark; royal seat of king Hrolf Kraki, Hliskjlf f Hlidskjalf, the seat on which Odin sits in his hall Valaskjlf, Hlarendi m Hlidarendi, Slopes End (place name), hlf f shield, cover, protection, hlfa <-i, -t> vb (2) [w dat] to protect, shelter; show mercy, Hlfsteinn <-s> m Hlifstein (personal name), hljta vb (II) to be allocated, receive, hlutr <-ar, -ir> m lot; thing; share, allotment; part, hlja vb (VII) to laugh, hnga vb (I)to sink, fall gently, hnka <-i~ti, -r~tr> vb (2) to sit cowering, hnykkja <-ti, -tr> vb (2) [w dat] to pull violently, yank, hof n temple (frequently a name for a farm), holt n wood, forest; rough stony hill or ridge, hon pron she, horfa <-i, horft> vb (2) to turn, look (in a particular direction); horfa [e-t] look at [sth], hll (var of hvll) <-s, -ar> m hill, hillock, knoll, Hlmfastr <-s> m Holmfast (personal name), Hlmgarr <-s> m Holmgard (place name, modern Novgorod), Hlmgautr <-s> m Holmgaut (personal name), Hlmgeirr <-s> m Holmgeir (personal name), Hreimarr <-s> m Hreidmar (personal name); the father of Otr, Fafnir and Regin, Hringarki n Hringariki (place name) Ringerike, hr f time, while; storm or tempest; attack, battle; litla hr for a little while, Hrgeirr <-s> m Hrodgeir (personal name), Hrlfr <-s> m Hrolf (personal name); Hrlfr kraki Hrolf Kraki, legendary Danish king, hrsa <-a-> vb (1)[w dat] to praise; boast (of), Hrungnir <-s> m Hrungnir, giant killed by Thor with his hammer, Hrtsstair m Hrutsstadir (place name) Hruts Farmstead, hrynja vb (III) to fall, collapse; flow, stream; fall loosely (of clothing); ltum und honum hrynja lukla let keys jingle about him; hrynja hla [e-m] shut the door on [sb], hr n dead body, corpse, carrion, hra <-ddi, -ddr> vb (2)[w acc] to frighten; hrask mid be frightened; hrask [e-t] be afraid of [sth], hrkkva vb (VII) to fall back, recoil, hugr m mind; mood, heart, temper, hugsjkr adj distressed, anxious, worried, hundra n hundred (usu followed by noun in gen) (tlfrtt hundra = 120, trtt hundra = 100), hungr <-rs> m (n in younger texts) hunger; svelta hungri starve, die of hunger, hsbndi m husband; master of the house (from hs + bndi), hsfreyja (also hsfreyja) f housewife, lit house-lady, hskarlm servant,farmhand, houseman [house-carle]; kings man, retainer, follower, hvalnum dat sg w art hvalr + inum, the whale, hvalr m whale, hvar interrog adv where; hvar sem wherever, hvargi adv everywhere; hvargi sem wherever, wheresoever, hvass adj sharp, keen, hvll (also hll) <-s, -ar> m hill, hillock, knoll, hvrgi adj pron neither (of two); conj hvrkin neithernor, hvrr interrog pron who, which (of two); indef pron each (of two), hvrt interrog adv whether; hvrt sem~hvrt er conj whether, hveim dat of a defective pron to whom, for whom, hverfa vb (III)to be lost, be missing; disappear, Hvergelmir m Hvergelmir Seething Well, home of Nihggr and source of the rivers in Niflheimr, hvergi (also hverrgi) pron each, every one, hvergi (also hverrgi) adv nowhere; [w gen] nowhere on; hverrgi var nowhere was, hverr interrog pron who?, which? This app provides a keyboard extension that can be used inside any other app: you can use runes in your social networks, e-mails, note taking, writing linguistic studies and much more. much like 'qwerty-keyboards' got its name from the top left letters of the keyboard. Once entered, these letters can be cut and pasted as needed. This operator gives rise to spin-weighted spherical harmonics. In Glosbe you will find translations from English into Old Norse coming from various sources. Frisian (West), Apple has provided additional keyboards which allow you to enter Old English characters via Unicode. http://www.svenska.gu.se/~svekgj/wormianus.html Hear the Lord's Prayer in Old Icelandic (not quite the same as the above text, but similar): Information about Old Norse | He is very strong and often angry. what is the legal alcohol limit in alabama; colorado department of revenue interest rates 2021 Danish, Old Norse is the literary language of the Icelandic sagas, skaldic poems, and Eddas. It is also the language in which the sagas and the majority of the primary sources for Scandinavian mythology are written. Pennsylvania German, 860930; Klakk-Haraldr Klakk-Harald, harr adj hard, difficult, severe. https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCXCxNFxw6iq-Mh4uIjYvufg/videos, Online Old Norse texts and manuscripts Tilkomme it rikie. Numbers | Kharosthi, Glagolitic, Old Cyrillic, Phoenician, Avestan, Ugaritic, Ogonek - Wikipedia However, it is usually accepted that the sir (including inn, r and Tr) were warrior gods, while . Svipul (Old Norse), meaning 'varying'. or Word Numeric ALT codes. Skie in uilie so som i himmalan so oh bo iordanne. Swabian, 11. Swiss German, Between 800 and 1050 AD a division began to appear between East Norse, which developed into Swedish and Danish, and West Norse, which developed into Norwegian, Faroese, Icelandic and Norn, an extinct language once spoken in Shetland, Orkney, and northern parts of Scotland. Vintage Computer Keyboards for sale | eBay However, Old Norse is also used more narrowly as a label for the language we find in Norwegian and Icelandic manuscripts, which date from the . For example, rkr adj powerful; dkkr adj dark; gfugr adj noble, distinguished. 115 Female Viking Names For Your Baby | Kidadl Stellingwarfs, A scholarly project focused on Tolkien from both a corpus linguistic and digital humanities perspective. When appears before r, it is in a few words pronounced []. , , Translation and transliterations provided by Corey Murray, All human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights. Volunteer your language skills f. Alemannisch; nglisc; Brezhoneg; etina; Dansk; Eesti; Espaol; Esperanto; Euskara; ; Froyskt; Franais; Galego; ; Hrvatski; Bahasa . Younger Fuark: ( ) This section presents information specific to Latin. Virtual Keyboard - Elder Futhark (Ancient) Old Norse, Learning materials, Information about Old Norse This is a list of Germanic deities that are in Norse mythology . 139 Old Norse Words That Invaded The English Language - Babbel Magazine Vikings used old runic letters during the settlement period and it was only after their Christianization that they adopted the Latin alphabet. Specify in the selection box to the bottom of the virtual keyboard, your keyboard key mapping to be able to use it to input your text. To type directly with the computer keyboard: Type a=, e=, i=, o=, u=, y= to add a macron: , . Old Norse Sayings: 75 Old Norse Vikings Proverbs from the Hvaml Old Norse would not have sounded exactly like any language spoken today, even Icelandic. Specify in the selection box to the bottom of the virtual keyboard, your keyboard key mapping to be able to use it to input your text. It's worth mentioning here that the word "Viking" means "pirate raid" in Old Norse. Anglo-Saxon runic keyboard layout | Slouching Towards Extimacy Old Norse Mythology in the Sources | Coursera 1 of 5 stars 2 of 5 stars 3 of 5 stars 4 of 5 stars 5 of 5 stars. Note: Another option is to insert them via the Character Viewer/Palette. google_ad_slot = "6504309886"; old norse keyboard old norse keyboard - efinanse.pl Long vowels with accent are listed after the corresponding short vowels without accent (a, ). I recommend using the ABC - Extended Input Source which includes thorn and can still be used as your everyday keyboard for English. Flemish, In the Icelandic alphabet, follows d. In Faroese, is not assigned to any particular phoneme and appears mostly for etymological reasons, but it indicates most glides. i eu alli viti gddi ok samvizku, ok skulu gra hvar til annars brourliga. ; indef pron each, every, all; geyja at hverjum manni, bark at each man, hvert adv to where, whither; hvert er whithersoever, hvetja vb (3) to whet, sharpen; encourage, hvtr adj white, hyggja vb (3) to think, believe; hyggja at [e-u] look at, consider [sth], hylja vb (3) to bury, cover over, conceal, hide, Hyrrokkin f Hyrrokkin, a giantess killed by Thor, htta <-tti, -tt> vb [w dat] (2) to risk, stake, hgri comp adj of hgr right; on the right; the right hand, hla <-di, hlt> vb (4) [w dat] to praise, flatter, boast of, hfingi m leader; chieftain; captain, hfn f holding, possession; harbor, hfu n head, hgg n blow, stroke, chop; beheading, execution, hggva vb (VII) to strike (a blow), chop, hack, hew, hggvi 3sg/pl subjunct of hggva; dat sg of hgg, hll f hall, hnd f hand; af hendi [e-s] on behalf of [sb], Hra-Kntr <-s> m Horda-Knut (personal name), Hskuldsstair m pl Hoskuldsstadir Hoskulds Farmstead (place name), Httr m Hott (personal name) Hood (the Masked One), illa adv badly, ill, illr adj bad, evil, Ingibjrg f Ingibjorg (personal name); Ingibjrg Hrgeirsdttir ins hvta Ingibjorg, daughter of Hrodgeir the White, Ingjaldr <-s> m Ingjald (personal name); Ingjaldr tryggvi Ingjald the True, inn adv in, into (motion toward), inna <-ti, -tr> relate, tell; inna til [e-s] make mention of [sb], innan prep [w gen] within; inside, indoors; innan adv from within, outward, innanlands adv within the land, at home (as opposed to abroad), prep [w acc] into (motion); during (time); [w dat] in, within, at (position), jafna <-a-> vb (1) to smooth, even out, tidy, trim; make equal (in comparisons), equate; jafna [e-u] til [e-s] liken [sth] to [sth], jafnberr adj equally exposed, naked, or unprotected, jafndjpvitr adj as deep-witted, as deep-scheming, as resourceful, Jafnhr m Just-as-High, one of three interrogators of King Gylfi, jartegn n token, evidence, proof (of a thing), Jfrr f Jofrid (personal name), jl n pl Yule, Yuletide, great midwinter feast in heathen times, later applied to Christmas, Jtland n Jutland (place name); Jtlandshaf Jutland Sea, Kattegat, jkull m glacier; ice; icicle, jr f earth; land, ground, Jr f Earth, as goddess and mother of Thor, JrmungandrmJormungand, name of the Midgard Serpent, the world serpent, jtunn m giant, kaall m cable, twisted rope, kala vb (VI) impers [w acc] to freeze, kanna <-a-> vb (1) to search, explore, find out about; to know, recollect; kannask vi [e-t] recognize [sth], karl <-s, -ar> m man; old man; orsteinn karl old Thorstein, old man Thorstein, Kri Slmundarson m Kari Solmundarson (personal name), kenna <-di, -dr> vb (2) to know, recognize; feel; attribute; teach, kennimar <-manns, -menn> m priest, cleric; lit teacher, ketill m kettle, cauldron, pot, Kjallandi f Kjallandi, a giant killed by Thor, kjsa vb (VII) to choose, Kjtvi m Kjotvi (personal name); Kjtvi inn augi Kjotvi the wealthy, klaka <-a-> vb (1) to titter, chatter (as birds), Klakk-Haraldr <-s> m Klakk-Harald (personal name), KlifshagimKlifshagi (place name), Cliff Meadow, klfa vb (I)to climb, kljfa vb (II) to cleave, split, kn defective pret-pres vb tobe able to, can; could, kneyfa <-i, -r> vb (2) to drink in large gulps, Kntr <-s> m Knut (personal name); Kntr inn rki, King Canute the Great, knja vb (3) to knock (at the door); press, urge on, compel, force; knjask mid struggle on, knrr m ship; merchant vessel, koma vb (IV) to come; koma at come to, arrive; koma at [e-u] come across, arrive at [sth]; koma samt me eim they agreed; koma endr at regain; komask mid make ones way, kostr m choice; opportunity; match; state, condition; cost, expense; at rum kosti else, otherwise, krs f delicacy, dainty (of food), krefja vb (3) to crave, claim, demand; krefja [e-t] [e-s] demand [sth] of [sb], krjpa vb (II) to creep; crouch, Krossavk f Krossavik, Cross Bay or Inlet, presumably an inlet where a cross was erected, a farmstead, kumbl n burial monument, mound or cairn (frequently used on Danish and Swedish rune stones in the plural), kunna pret-pres vb to know, understand; to be able orcan do sth, know how to; feel (an emotion), kunnigr adj known; wise; versed in magic, kussari m corsair (corsairs were pirates who operated along the Barbary Coast of North Africa), kvnga <-a-> vb cause (a man) to marry; kvngask mid marry (of a man), take a wife, kvngar ppart of kvnga(m nom sg), married (of a man), kvea vb (V) to speak, say; recite verse; kvea fix, determine; kvea vi reply; kveask mid say of oneself; declare, kveld n evening; at kveldi at nightfall, kvelda <-a-> vb (1) [impers] to become evening, Kveld-lfr <-s> m Kveld-Ulf, Night Wolf (personal name); Kveld-lfsson Son of Kveld-Ulf, kyn n kin; kindred, family descent group, kr f cow, krtr m short, stocky man (nickname), kttr m cat, landnmsmar m settler, lit land-take-man (the term refers to both women and men), landsmar m countryman, inhabitant or native of a country, landsrttr m the law of the land, customary rights, langeldar m pl long fires (down the middle of a hall), langfegar m pl forefathers, ancestors (through the fathers line), langr adj long (of distance and time), Laufey f goddess, known only as mother of Loki, laug f bath; hot spring, lausafnmovable property, chattels, possessions, as opposed to lands or even to land and cattle, lausung f lying, falsehood, Laxrdalr m Laxardal, Salmon River Valley, lta vb (VII) to let, allow, permit; put, place, set; behave; lta fram let go, yield, hand over; lta sem pretend, make or behave as if, lit let on as if; [w infin] have something done; ppart dead, deceased, leggja vb (3) to lay, place, put; appoint, fix; stab, thrust; leggja impose; leggja fr withdraw; leggja spnu smash into pieces; leggja til attack (by stabbing); leggja til baraga attack; leggja til [e-s] me [e-u] attack [sb] with [sth]; leggja undir sik conquer; lfit leggja lay down ones life; leggjask mid lay, set oneself; leggjask [e-t] prey upon (of robbers, beasts of prey, etc), fall upon, attack [sth]; leggjask nir lay oneself down; leggjask t set out (into the wilderness to live as an outlaw), leggr <-jar, -ir> m leg; leggr ok lir every limb, leifa <-i, -r> vb (2) to leave, leave as heritage; to leave behind, abandon, relinquish, leika vb (VII) to play; leika sr play, leita <-a-> vb (1) [w gen] to seek, search for; proceed on a journey, leka vb (IV) to drip, dribble, leak, lemja vb (3) to maim, lendr adj describes one who has received a grant of land from a king, landed; lendr mar landholder, lengi adv long, for a long time, lengr comp adv of lengilonger (time), for a longer time, lengra comp adv of lengi longer (distance), farther, lengst superl adv longest, for the longest time, lesa vb (V) to gather; read, leyfa <-i, -r> vb (2) [w dat] to permit, allow, leyna <-di, -dr> vb (2) to hide, conceal; leynask mid hide oneself, be concealed; leynask burt steal away, leave, Lttfeti m Light-Foot (mythological name) horse of the sir and jtunn name, lir m joint, lifa <-i, lifat> vb (4) to live; to be left; to burn, to be lively (of fire); to kindle; lifa vi [e-t] to live on [sth], feed on [sth], liggja vb (V) to lie; be situated, Livsteinn <-s> m Livstein (personal name), la vb (I) to pass (usu of time); la at draw toward (of time); sem lei at jlum as time passed toward Yule, lf (also lfi) n life; lfit leggja lay down ones life, lka <-a-> vb (1) impers [w dat subj] to like, be pleasing (to one), lknsamastr superl adj of lknsamr most merciful, lkr adj like, resembling; probable; promising, lna f bowline, rope; line; bridal veil, (see also ln), Lnakradalr <-s> m Linakradale (place name), Valley of Linen Fields, lta vb (I) to look; lta [e-t] look at [sth]; mid ltask [e-m] appear (seem) to [sb], ltill adj little; litla hr for a little while; litlu sar(r) a little later, lj vb (3) [w gen] to lend; lj [e-m] [e-s] lend [sb] [sth], ljahttr m Chant-meter, type of verse, ljsta vb (II) to strike; ljsta hel to strike into hel [the realm of the dead], ljga vb (II) to lie, tell a lie; fail, lobrk also lobrkkr f shaggy/hairy-breech(es) (nickname); Ragnar Lobrkkr/Lobrk Ragnar Hairy Breeches [nickname from wearing pants made of hide] legendary hero of Ragnars saga lobrkkar/lobrkar, lok n lock, bolt; pl end; lia und(ir) lok die; til loks completely, lfi m palm of the hand; holr lfi open palm, lund f manner; mind, temper; essa lund in this manner, lfafrough, thick, matted hair; original nickname for Haraldr hrfagri [Fairhair]; see Haraldr, lka vb (II) [w dat] to close; end, conclude; shut, lta vb (II) to bend down, bow; lean, lykill m key, lysta <-ti, -tr> vb impers (2) [w acc subj] to desire, intend, wish to, lsa <-ti, -tr> vb (2) to light up, illuminate; proclaim, announce; impers shine, beam; lsa [e-u] proclaim [sth]; lsir af honum light shines from him, lgbergnlaw-rock (where the law was recited), mar m man; person, human being, makligr adj fitting, proper, becoming; deserving, mala vb (VI)to grind, mannbroddr m a crampon with iron attached to shoe for traction on ice; spike, manngi (also mangi) pron no man, nobody, margbreytinn adj fickle, capricious, unpredictable, margr adj [w sg] many a; [w pl] many, marka <-a-> vb (1) to mark, draw; fix; mark as ones property; mark with an emblem; heed, mind; signify, mean; infer, observe; ar eptir mtt marka fegr hans accordingly, you can judge his beauty, mgr <-s, -ar> m brother-, father-, or son-in-law; kinsman, ml n speech, narrative, talk; language; saying; deliberation, discussion; case, matter, affair; [leg] suit, action, case, mli m contract, terms, agreement; ganga mla totake service as a soldier with a leader, mlmfeti (also mlfeti) m name for a horse; mlmfeti varrar horse pulled by an oar (kenning for ship), mlugr (also mligr) adj talkative, mnur (also mnar) m month, mr m gull, sea-gull, mstallrmstall of the sea-gull (kenning for sea), mttigr (also mttugr) adj powerful, mighty, me prep [w acc] with (in the sense of bringing, carrying, or forcing); [w dat] with (in the sense of accompanying or togetherness); sigla me landi sail along the coast; adv as well, with it, meal (also meal, meal)prep [w gen] among, between, mega pret-pres vb can, may; be able, meia <-ddi, -ddr> vb (2) to injure, hurt, damage; meiask mid become injured, hurt, damaged, meiri comp adj of mikill bigger, greater, more, men n necklace; pl treasures, merki n boundary; banner, standard; token, mark, sign, mestr superl adj of mikill biggest, tallest, greatest, meta vb (V) to evaluate, value; set a price, Michael ktalakts m Michael katalaktus (personal name), Mifjarar-Skeggi m Skeggi of Midfjord (personal name), MigarrmMidgard, the Middle Enclosure, Middle Earth, MigarsormrmMidgard Serpent, the serpent Jrmungandr that encircles the earth, mila <-a-> vb (1) to share, hand out; mila [e-t] vi [e-n] share [sth] with [sb], mir adj middle, mir-aptan m middle evening, six in the evening, mikill adj big, tall, great; much, very; mikill fyrir sr powerful, strong, mikinn adv hard, fast (m acc sg of adj mikill), Miklagarr m Miklagard (place name) the Great City, Constantinople, capital of the Greek Byzantine Empire; spelled in some editions Mikligarr, milli(also millum, milli and milli) prep [w gen] between, minna <-ti, -tr> vb (2) to remind; minna [e-n] [e-s] remind [sb] of [sth]; impers minnir mik I remember; mid [w gen] minnask remember, call to mind, minni comp adj of ltill littler, less, smaller, minnstr superl adj of ltill least, smallest, Mmisbrunnr m Mimisbrunn, the Well of Mimir, morginn (also morgunn) m morning; morginn tomorrow, mir f mother, murtt fkinsfolk on the mothers side of the family, mr m moor, heath, mti (also mti and mti) prep [w dat] towards; against; contrary to; in return, mttaka f resistance, defense, counter-attack; til mttku to a defense, to counter-attack, muna pret-pres vb toremember, call to mind, munu pret-pres vb will, shall; to be sure to, must (probability); would, must (in past tense), Mspellsheimr m Muspellsheim, the Land of Fire, Mrkjartan <-s> m Myrkjartan (personal name), mrr f moor, bog, swamp, mla <-ti, -tr> vb (2) to say, speak; leg mla eptir [e-t]/[e-n] take up the prosecution for [sth]/[sb] (who was murdered or wronged); mla vi [e-n] speak to or with [sb], say to [sb]; mla me [e-m/e-u] recommend [sb/sth], mr f maid, girl, virgin, Mrr f region in West Norway, mgr m son, boy, Mrr m Mord (personal name), nau(r) f need, difficulty, distress; tla [e-t] til naua [e-m] intend [sth] as harm to [sb], n vb (2) [w dat] to reach, catch, overtake; get, obtain; [w inf] be able to, ntta <-a> vb (1) to become night, grow dark, nean adv from below, from beneath; without motion beneath, underneath, nefna <-di, -dr> vb (2) to name, call; mention [e-r nom] er nefndr [sb] is mentioned, nema vb (IV) to take; claim land; hear; learn, nema conj except, save, but; [w subjunct] unless, n conj nor; hvrkin neithernor; nn notnor, nir m son, kinsman, relative through marriage, Niflhel f Niflhel, Dark Hel, place for some dead, Nhggr m Nidhogg, the serpent which dwells in the spring Hvergelmir, ntjn num nineteen, njsn f news; spying, scouting, looking out, njta vb (II) to enjoy, Njrr m Njord, god of the sea, one of the Vanir, Normar m Northman, Norseman, Norwegian, Norri m Nordri (mythological name) North, dwarf who supports the heavens, Norrlnd n pl the Northern countries or region, Scandinavia, Nregr (also Norvegr or Noregr) <-s> m Norway, lit northern way or norvegr, norn f norn, one of the three fates; one of various supernatural females who shape peoples fates, Natn n Njords home, lit precinct of ships (na), i.e., sea, see Njrr, Nregr (also Noregr or Norvegr) <-s> m Norway, ntt (also ntt) f night; of nttina during the night, nr prep [w dat] near; adv almost, nearly; hv nr conj when; comp adv nearer, nst superl adv nearest, next; v nst thereupon, nkkurr adj pron any, anybody; some, a certain, of prep [w acc/dat] over, [of time] in, during; [w acc] of, about; adv too, ofan adv from above, down; downwards; on the uppermost part, at the top of; [w gen] above the surface of, ofan til prep [w gen] down (from above) to, opt adv often, or n word; repute, fame, report; ru ori at the same time, likewise, lit in a second word, Orkneyjar f pl the Orkney Islands (place name), Ormr <-s> m Orm (personal name); Ormr inn augi Orm the Wealthy, ormr--auga n Snake-in-the-Eye (nickname), orrosta f battle; til orrostu to or for battle, orrostumar(pl orrostumenn) mwarrior, man of battle, otrgjldnpl wergeld, ransom, or compensation for a dead otter, Otters ransom, dll adj difficult, quarrelsome, stubborn, al n ancestral property, patrimony, allodium, property held in allodial tenure, r adj frantic; furious, vehement, jafnaarmar m an overbearing, unjust individual, lfr <-s> m Olaf (personal name); lfr pi Olaf the Peacock, r (also r) prep [w dat] out of, from, from inside of; made of, skorinn ppart uncut, unshorn, trligr adj unbelievable; unpredictable;suspicious, tta f last part of the night before dawn, pallr mstep; raised platform along the side(s) of a hall.