what was the effect of spanish and portuguese exploration?

The Americas, Europe, and Africa Before 1492, Creating New Social Orders: Colonial Societies, 15001700, Rule Britannia! There was plenty of room to spread out, interesting cultures and landscapes to explore, natives to Christianize, and even better, economic opportunities galore, including new sources of gold and silver. How do you think it might have influenced Europeans reading about the New World for the first time? The Europeans enslaved the Native Americans and took most of them back to Europe. They also attempted, sometimes more successfully than others, to conquer the Amerindians and force them to work and pay tribute. De Gama's successful venture created a greater demand than ever before for overseas trades along the African coast. All rights reserved. The Portuguese also traded these slaves, introducing much-needed human capital to other European nations. When Vasco de Gama found a new route to India, the Portuguese were able to trade spices and jewels. The trees, fruits and grasses differ widely from those in Juana. The Spanish monarchs knew that Portuguese mariners had reached the southern tip of Africa and sailed the Indian Ocean. The Spanish were also the first in the New World. Perhaps the key motivator behind exploration in this era was economic. Along the way, they discovered plenty of ways to make a profit from their voyages, and pretty soon they were leaders in the gold and slave trades. Vasco de Balboa 1513- goal was to find gold and a new sea. The Portuguese also traded these slaves, introducing much-needed human capital to other European nations. Santngel had supported Columbuss voyage, helping him to obtain funding from Ferdinand and Isabella. Spain and Portugal divided the New World by drawing a north-to-south line of demarcation in the Atlantic Ocean, about 100 leagues (555 . Portugal discovered new lands, new sea routes and made better maps of the world. Instead, he encouraged exploration and directed many important expeditions. Since the Aztec people had never been exposed to the disease, thousands died as it spread throughout Mexico. Seeing the value of this source of labor in growing the profitable crop of sugar on their Atlantic islands, the Portuguese soon began exporting African slaves along with African ivory and gold. Warfare by the Spanish, using guns, and forced labour in mines and on plantations also contributed. Portugal got richer because of the Indian trade. Felicity Moran received a Bachelors in history from Franciscan University of Steubenville, and a Master's in history from the University of Cincinnati, where she taught at the collegiate level for two years. Sugar fueled the Atlantic slave trade, and the Portuguese islands quickly became home to sugar plantations. By The Age of Discovery & Exploration - Practice Test Questions & Chapter In this context, evaluating mercury contamination in coastal sediments and mercury magnification in marine food webs is crucial for . All lands to the east of the line would go to Portugal. The Library of Congress. what was the effect of spanish and portuguese exploration? Sources. lessons in math, English, science, history, and more. answer choices. When these expeditions began, Europeans knew virtually nothing about the area past Cape Bojador on. Between 1540 and 1542, Coronado led a large expedition of Spaniards and native allies to the lands north of Mexico City, and for the next several years, they explored the area that is now the southwestern United States ([link]). . Those who resisted were punished by a system called encomienda, in which natives were assigned to settlers through land grants as part of a deal. Portuguese spice trading also made goods available to the rest of Europe on a larger scale and enriched Portugal herself. Columbus set sail with three small ships and a crew of eighty . All lands to the west of the line, identified as the Line of Demarcation, would be Spains. Seeking to ensure that Columbuss finds would remain Spanish, Spains monarchs turned to the Spanish-born Pope Alexander VI, who issued two papal decrees in 1493 that gave legitimacy to Spains Atlantic claims at the expense of Portugal. In the following years, as European exploration spread, slavery spread as well. Menu and widgets Wine and dried fruits from Algarve were sold in Flanders and England, salt from Setbal and Aveiro was a profitable export to northern Europe, and leather and kermes, a scarlet dye, were also exported. (1521) Pizarro took land from the Incas in what is today Peru. Posted on . Compare And Contrast The Social And Economic Effects Of | Bartleby Portugal got richer because of the Indian trade. In August 1521, having successfully fomented civil war as well as fended off rival Spanish explorers, Corts claimed Tenochtitln for Spain and renamed it Mexico City. In 1492, they completed the Reconquista: the centuries-long Christian conquest of the Iberian Peninsula. At Elmina the main source was Ashanti gold, at trading points on the Guinea coast it was gold diverted to Portuguese traders from the caravan route from Timbuktu to Morocco. He might have gotten all the way to India if his crew hadn't mutinied. Amy has MA degrees in History, English, and Theology. Portuguese sailors continued to make important discoveries in this new arena as well. As Spains empire expanded and riches flowed in from the Americas, the Spanish experienced a golden age of art and literature. We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. They wanted to spread catholic culture in whole world. Vasco de Gamas exploits successfully established a spice trade between Europe and India. The travels of Portuguese traders to western Africa introduced them to the African slave trade, already brisk among African states. The Spanish quickly set out to explore, conquer, and colonize, which was bad news for the Amerindians who got in their way as they launched their empire. 2.1 Portuguese Exploration and Spanish Conquest - OpenStax With his support, Portuguese mariners successfully navigated an eastward route to Africa, establishing a foothold there that became a foundation of their nations trade empire in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries. I would definitely recommend Study.com to my colleagues. Spanish & Portuguese Exploration of the New World & Asia | Motives The Portuguese also traded these slaves, introducing much-needed human capital to other European nations. After Christopher Columbus bumped into the New World in 1492, a string of explorers and conquistadors set about claiming territory for Spain. Back to Table of Contents. Explorer Bartholomeu Dias made his way around Africa, and Vasco de Gama finally made it to India. Missionaries like Motolinia had a legitimate desire to convert the natives and others like him, including the Dominican friar Bartolome de Las Casas, who wrote "A Brief Account of the Destruction of the West Indies" to draw attention to the atrocities committed against the natives by his fellow Spaniards. The magnetic compass was a compass that had a magnetized needle supporting a magnetic card. Henry the Navigator. The local Amerindian population were enslaved by the Spanish, and forced to work. The Impact of Portuguese Exploration Portugal's explorers changed Europeans' understanding of the world in several ways. Fighting on horseback gave the Spanish explorers an advantage over the Native American populations, who fought on foot. What does this letter show us about Spanish objectives in the New World? Why did the authors of probanzas de mritos choose to write in the way that they did? The Spanish monarchs knew that Portuguese mariners had reached the southern tip of Africa and sailed the Indian Ocean. Explore the collection at The Cervantes Project for images, complete texts, and other resources relating to Cervantess works. In 1542, de Soto himself died during the expedition. Under the leadership of Prince Henry the Navigator, Portugal took the principal role during most of the fifteenth century in searching for a route to Asia by sailing south around Africa. Spains most famous explorer, Christopher Columbus, was actually from Genoa, Italy. What were the effects of later Spanish exploration? - Short-Fact Her specialties include early modern European history, gender history, and music history. It began with the Vikings' brief stint . Portuguese explorers were excellent navigators. By the end of this section, you will be able to: Portuguese colonization of Atlantic islands in the 1400s inaugurated an era of aggressive European expansion across the Atlantic. The Portuguese replaced Arab control of the trade in ivory, gold and slaves with their own. Baker Hughes (NYSE: BKR) is a leading energy technology company that design, manufacture and service transformative technologies to help take energy forward. Cortes formally claimed Mexican land for the Spanish crown in 1519. explored ante empire in Mexico. Inspired and backed financially by Prince Henry the Navigator, Portuguese explorers sailed south, down the coast of Africa, in hopes of finding a route to the Far East. Which country initiated the era of Atlantic exploration? The land there is elevated, with many mountains and peaks incomparably higher than in the centre isle. PDF EUROPEAN EXPLORATION 1400 1500 (Adapted from Discovery Education) Hernando Corts was part of the generation of Spanish colonizers that began the first phase of the Spanish colonization of the Americas. The process where the Spanish and Portuguese Christians reclaim the Iberian Peninsula is called the Reconquista. By this and other means, native people helped shape the conquest of the Americas. Over the next two centuries, a string of explorers and conquistadors, or military conquerors, claimed territory after territory for the ever-widening Spanish empire. Spanish fleets returned from the New World with holds full of gold, silver, and precious gemstones while Spanish priests traveled the world to convert and save the souls of the native populations. Spain, in particular, produced a number of famous conquistadors who established the presence of the Spanish empire in Mexico, California, and Peru. NYFA's Bachelor of Fine Arts (BFA) degree programs are designed to provide students with a concentrated education in film, media, and entertainment, supported by an exploration of the liberal arts and sciences. Spains drive to enlarge its empire led other hopeful conquistadors to push further into the Americas, hoping to replicate the success of Corts and Pizarro. Bartolome de Las Casas speaks with the Amerindians, then with the Spanish leaders. - Translation into English - examples Arabic Such accounts kept the debate on the treatment of natives constantly at the forefront of political life during the age of exploration with the struggle always between greed and humanity. Portugals Prince Henry the Navigator spearheaded his countrys exploration of Africa and the Atlantic in the 1400s. When the Spanish captured Granada in 1492, it allowed the Catholic monarchs, Ferdinand and Isabella, to listen to the arguments of the Genoese sea captain, Christopher Columbus, and his claims that he could find a shorter route to the Far East. Thereafter, Vasco de Gama rounded the horn and actually reached India in 1498, allowing the Portuguese to succeed in their ultimate aim of establishing a direct connection with the spice trade. The dungeon of the fort now served as a holding pen for African slaves from the interior of the continent, while on the upper floors Portuguese traders ate, slept, and prayed in a chapel. Henry the navigator was a mapmaker and helped build ships. Spain. The Portuguese explored the Canary Islands off the African coast as early as 1341, finding them perfect for the establishment of sugar colonies with labor supplied by African slaves. This was centre of the gold trade. AP European History: The Age of Expansion, The Market Economy in 17th Century Europe, Psychological Research & Experimental Design, All Teacher Certification Test Prep Courses, The Age of Discovery and the Conquistadors, AP European History: Overview of the Renaissance, AP European History: Renaissance Philosophy, Art & Literature, AP European History: Reformation Roots & Teachings, AP European History: The Reformation's Effects Across Europe, The Old World and New World: Why Europeans Sailed to the Americas, Portuguese and Spanish Empires: Growth in the New World & Asia, The Columbian Exchange, Global Trade & Mercantilism, Triangular Trade: Route, System & Role in Slavery, The Commercial Revolution: Economic Impact of Exploration and Colonization on Europe, Spreading Religion in the Age of Exploration, AP European History: The Rise of Monarchical Nation States, AP European History: English History (1450-1700), AP European History: The Scientific Revolution and Enlightenment, AP European History: The French Revolution, AP European History: The Napoleonic Empire, AP European History: 19th Century Revolutionary Movements, AP European History: The First Industrial Revolution, AP European History: Unifications of Nation States in the 19th Century, AP European History: Russia After World War I, AP European History: Integration: Europe after the Soviet Union, Developing and Writing Your AP Exam Essay, History 106: The Civil War and Reconstruction, AP European History: Homework Help Resource, ILTS Social Science - History (246): Test Practice and Study Guide, GED Social Studies: Civics & Government, US History, Economics, Geography & World, High School US History: Homework Help Resource, High School US History: Tutoring Solution, Roman God Pluto of the Underworld: Facts & Overview, Pseudo-Dionysius the Areopagite's Mystical Theology, Working Scholars Bringing Tuition-Free College to the Community, Recognize the exploration of the Portuguese and Spanish Empires, Identify the African and Brazilian expansion by Portugal, Describe the Spanish conquerors and conquest of South and Central America. The Spanish monarchs knew that Portuguese mariners had reached the southern tip of Africa and sailed the Indian Ocean. Missionaries such as Toribio Motolinia and Bartolome de Las Casas brought Catholicism and advocated for the natives, though they fought an uphill battle. Spanish and Portuguese Exploration Spain and Portugal were neighboring kingdoms in the Iberian Peninsula and fierce competitors exploring the African coastline. Without her, Corts would not have been able to communicate, and without the language bridge, he surely would have been less successful in destabilizing the Aztec Empire. The Age of Exploration | History Quiz - Quizizz The Portuguese led the way as explorers sponsored by Prince Henry the Navigator sailed down the coast of Africa, establishing a profitable trade in gold and slaves. 2.1: Portuguese Exploration and Spanish Conquest Spices, fabrics, and other luxuries flowed into Portugal and out to other European countries, and the Portuguese treasury swelled. However, these stories are based on the self-aggrandizing efforts of conquistadors to secure royal favor through the writing of probanzas de mritos (proofs of merit). South American settlement began in 1523 in Venezuela, and in 1524-1526, the Spanish marched through Central America, exerting their control from Guatemala to Nicaragua. As a member, you'll also get unlimited access to over 88,000 Although, this conquest took over 30 years to accomplish.